GSEB Solutions Class 6 English Honeysuckle Chapter 4 An Indian – American Woman in Space : Kalpana Chawla

Gujarat Board GSEB Class 6 English Textbook Solutions Honeysuckle Chapter 4 An Indian – American Woman in Space : Kalpana Chawla Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf.

Gujarat Board Textbook Solutions Class 6 English Honeysuckle Chapter 4 An Indian – American Woman in Space : Kalpana Chawla

GSEB Class 6 English An Indian – American Woman in Space : Kalpana Chawla Text Book Questions and Answers

Working With the Text

A. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Where was Kalpana Chawla born? Why is she called an Indian – American?
Answer:
Kalpana Chawla was born In Karnal,Haryana. She, however, was a naturalized U.S. citizen married to flight instructor Jean-Pierre Harrison. She is called an Indian American as she was born In India but granted full American citizenship.

Question 2.
When and why did she go to the U.S. ? Who did she marry?
Answer:
Kalpana went to the U.S. on completion of her Bachelor’s degree in aeronautical engineering to pursue her master’s degree. She married flight instructor Jean-Pierre Harrison.

Question 3.
How did she become an astronaut ? What gave her the idea that she could be an astronaut?
Answer:
Kalpana left for the U.S. to pursue a master’s degree in aeronautical engineering. She also went on to pursue her Ph.D. in aerospace engineering. She got the idea of becoming an astronaut after she was selected by NASA in the year 1994 for training as an astronaut.

Question 4.
What abilities must an astronaut have according to the journalist?
Answer:
According to the journalist, in order to become an astronaut one needs to have encyclopedic knowledge about everything from biology to astrophysics to aeronautical engineering.

Question 5.
Describe Kalpana Chawla’s first mission in space.
Answer:
Kalpana’s first space mission in the space shuttle Columbia was 15 days 16 hours and 34 minutes long. During this time she went around the earth 252 times, travelling 10.45 million kilometres!

Question 6.
What does Kalpana Chawla say about pursuing a dream? Do you agree with her that success is possible?
Answer:
According to Kalpana Chawla the path from dreams to success does exist. One only needs to have the vision to find it and the courage to get onto it. Yes, I agree with her as she has been a proven example of her precept-yes, if one dreams and works towards it, one can be successful.

B. Read the newspaper report to find the following facts about the Columbia’s ill-fated voyage. 

(1) Date and place of lift off
(2) Number of astronauts on board
(3) Number of days it stayed in space
(4) Number of experiments done by the scientists
(5) Date of return journey
(6) Height at. which it lost contact
Answer:
(1) 16th January 2003, from Kennedy Space Center in Florida
(2) Seven
(3) Sixteen
(4) Eighty
(5) 1st February 2003
(6) at an altitude of over 2,00,000 feet

Working With Language

A. Match the following :

Answer:
(1-f), (2-e), (3-d), (4-g), (5-b), (6-a), (7-c).

B. Use these phrases in sentences of your own, after finding out their meanings :

Question 1.
broke apart – got separated into several pieces
Answer:
The mirror fell down and broke apart.

Question 2.
streaked over – went over a place or to a destination with a very high speed.
Answer:
A meteorite streaked over the sky.

Question 3.
spread across – distributed across a given area
Answer:
Today, terrorism has spread across the globe.

Question 4.
lifted off – raised off the ground
Answer:
The child lifted off his toy plane to show how it flies.

Question 5.
blast off – take off
Answer:
The rocket blasted off into the sky with a loud noise.

Question 6.
went on – to continue
Answer:
My friend went on talking at the party for more than an hour.

Question 7.
cheered along – encourage
Answer:
At the football match, the cheerleaders were cheering along the team they supported.

Question 8.
on board – present
Answer:
There were 250 passengers and crew on board the flight that went missing yesterday.

Question 9.
carry on – continue
Answer:
You must carry on with doing good work irrespective of the criticism around you.

C. We add ‘un-’ to make opposites:

• For example: true – untrue
• Add ‘un-’ to the words below to make their opposites. Then look up the meanings of the words you have found in the dictionary.
(1) identified
(2) controlled
(3) attended
(4) successful
(5) important
(6) educated
(7) interesting
(8) qualified
(9) trained
(10) answerable
Answer:
(1) Unidentified
(2) Uncontrolled
(3) Unattended
(4) Unsuccessful
(5) Unimportant
(6) Uneducated
(8 ) Unqualified
(10) Unanswerable
Meanings:
(1) Unidentified – something that is not known
(2) Uncontrolled – something that cannot be controlled or managed
(3) Unattended – something which is not being looked after
(4) Unsuccessful – failed
(5) Unimportant – of little or no use
(6) Uneducated – illiterate
(7) Uninteresting – dull / boring
(8) Unqualified – not having the qualification
(9) Untrained – with no experience or training
(10) Unanswerable-a question that has no possible answer

Speaking

In her message to students of her college, Kalpana Chawla said, “May you have the vision to find the path from dreams to success… Wishing you a great journey.” Form pairs. Use “May you…” and “I wish you/Wishing you” to wish your partner good luck and success in…
(i) a sports event,
(ii) a quiz or competition and
(iii) a test or an examination.
Be sure to thank your partner when he /she wishes you in turn; You may also„ look up a telephone directory, or go to a post office and get a list in English and Hindi of the standard phrases that can be sent in greeting telegrams anywhere in India. Discuss which of these you might use and when. Compare the English and Hindi phrases for expressing good wishes. Do you know such phrases in any other language ?
You: Wish you all the best for the forthcoming sports event!
Your partner : Thank you for your wishes. You: Wish you all the good luck for the competition.
Your partner : Thanks a lot.
You: May you pass with flying colours in your examination!
Your partner : Thank You.

Other phrases:
May this day be filled with happiness for -you!
May the coming year bring you health and happiness !
Bfest wishes for a safe and pleasant flight! Wish you a very prosperous and a joyful new year!
Heartiest congratulations on the purchase of your new house!

Writing

(A) Do you have a ‘dream’ or something you very’ much wish to do ? Write a paragraph” saying what you want or wish to do. Then say (in another paragraph) how you think you can make your dream come true.
Answer:
I strongly believe that each of us should be led by a dream or by an ambition in life. I aspire to become a doctor when I grow up. I am deeply influenced by this noble profession. With the growing pace of life threatening and contagious diseases I wish to serve my fellow countrymen by finding a cure to these diseases. My interest and fascination towards science s is only strengthening my belief in my dream. I intend to participate in various science quizzes and competitions in order to gain more knowledge in the subject. I would also start t preparing for the medical entrance tests once I complete my class ten. I intend to pursue my course in medicine from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Delhi.

(B) Given below are some words that are spelt differently in British and in American English. Fill in the blanks accordingly:

GSEB Class 6 English An Indian – American Woman in Space : Kalpana Chawla Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

Question 1.
What is the meaning of ‘unprecedented tragedy’ ?
Answer:
An unprecedented tragedy means an unparalleled or exceptional calamity.

Question 2.
Who was the first woman born in India to go into space?
Answer:
Kalpana Chawla was the first woman born in India to go into space.

Question 3.
The space shuttle Columbia was said to be good for how many flights?
Answer:
The space shuttle Columbia was considered to be good for 100 flights.

Question 4.
When the space shuttle Columbia disintegrated it had completed how many flights into space?
Answer:
When the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated, it had completed 28 space flights.

Question 5.
Who is a certified flight instructor ?
Answer:
A certified flight instructor is a person who is qualified and authorized to give flying lessons to others.

Question 6.
Why was there shock and disbelief in people when the news of the Columbia tragedy broke?
Answer:
There was shock and disbelief in people when the news of the Columbia tragedy broke as it was difficult to believe that Kalpana Chawla and the other crew members were no more.

Question 7.
From where did Kalpana send a message to the students of her college in Chandigarh ?
Answer:
Kalpana sent a message to the students of her college in Chandigarh from aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia.

Question 8.
Which school did Kalpana graduate from?
Answer:
Kalpana graduated from the Tagore School.

Question 9.
Where was Kalpana Chawla bora ?
Answer:
Kalpana Chawla was born in Karnal , town in Haryana state of India.

Question 10.
Why is Kalpana called an Indian-American ?
Answer:
Kalpana graduated from India and went to America for her master’s degree. She had dual citizenship, so she is called an Indian-American.

Question 11.
Who did Kalpana marry?
Answer:
Kalpana married flight instructor Jean- Pierre Harrison.

Question 12.
How many kilometres did Kalpana travel in Columbia?
Answer:
Kalpana travelled 10.45 million kilometres in Columbia.

Question 13.
How much did the experiments performed in Columbia cost ?
Answer:
The experiments performed in Columbia cost about 56 million dollars.

Question 14.
What was Kalpana’s great achievement ?
Answer:
Kalpana Chawla was the first Indian – American woman astronaut to blast off from the launch pad at Cape Canaveral, Florida, and participate in a successful mission in space.

Answer the following questions in two to three sentences:

Question 1.
Write in detail about Kalpana Chawla’s education – background. ?
Answer:
Kalpana had graduated from Tagore School in Karnal. She then pursued her Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautical engineering. After completion of her Bachelor degree, she went to the United States for her Master’s degree. She later earned her Ph.D. in aerospace engineering and became a citizen there.

Question 2.
How did Kalpana become an astronaut What gave her the idea that she could be an astronaut ?
Answer:
Right from her childhood, Kalpana had a dream of crossing the frontiers of space. Then being graduated from Tagore School, she went for her Masters degree in U.S. She later earned her Ph.D. in aerospace engineering and became the first Indian – American woman astronaut to blast off from the launch pad at Cape Canaveral, Florida.

Question 3.
What abilities must an astronaut have, according to the journalist ?
Answer:
According to the journalist, an astronaut needs to know a lot about everything. He / She should have a lot of knowledge of biology to astrophysics to aeronautical engineering. He/ She must have encyclopaedic knowledge to be an astronaut.

Question 4.
Describe Kalpana’s first mission in space.
Answer:
Kalpana’s first space mission in the space shuttle, Columbia was 15 days, 16 hours and 34 minutes long. During this time she\went around the earth 252 times travelling 10.45 million kilometres. The crew had a Japanese and a Ukranian astronaut. They were seven in all. They performed several experiments there.

Answer the following questions in three to four sentences each:

Question 1.
Explain Kalpana’s journey into NASA.
Answer:
Kalpana left for the United States to pursue her Master’s degree. She also earned a Ph.D. in aerospace engineering. Kalpana was a certified flight instructor and could fly single s and multi-engine land airplanes, single-engine seaplanes and gliders. She then took upon the challenge of applying to NASA’s Space Shuttle program. She was first hired as a Research s Scientist at NASA. In 1994 she was selected by NASA for training as an astronaut.

Question 2.
Write a short note on the Columbia Space Shuttle.
Answer:
Columbia Space Shuttle was designed to carry out expeditions into space. It was designed to last for 100 expeditions. It was the shuttle’s 28th expedition when it met with the disastrous end. It took off on its 28th expedition on 16th January 2003 from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. As the shuttle was streaking over Texas towards its landing strip, it broke apart in flames killing all seven crew members on board.

Question 3.
How does Kalpana Chawla’s story, inspire us
Answer:
Kalpana had a dream and she followed that dream. She pursued her engineering degree. She then went on to complete her Master’s degree and her Ph.D. from the United States. She not only became a certified flight instructor but also took up the challenge of joining NASA.

She became the first woman astronaut born in India to have crossed the frontiers of space. She was on her second mission when her Space Shuttle Columbia s met with a disastrous end cutting short her life. Hence, Kalpana Chawla continues to remain an inspiration for dreaming big and reaching the skies, though she was a girl s from a small town.

Select the most appropriate options as answers and complete the following sentences :

Question 1.
Kalpana Chawla had never dreamed that………..
A. she would graduate from Tagore school.
B. she would make her career as an engineer.
C. she would go to NASA.
D. she would cross the frontiers of space.
Answer:
D. she would cross the frontiers of space.

Question 2.
Kalpana got her Ph.D. (doctorate) in………..
A. aeronautical engineering.
B. aerospace engineering.
C. spacecraft engineering.
D. mechanical engineering.
Answer:
B. aerospace engineering.

Question 3.
Kalpana Chawla was the first Indian- American woman astronaut to blast off from the launch pad at ……….
A. Kennedy Space Centre.
B. Cape Canaveral, Florida.
C. Marshall Islands.
D. Wallops Island, Virginia.
Answer:
B. Cape Canaveral, Florida.

Question 4.
Kalpana Chawla was………….
A. an astronaut.
B. flier of sea-planes.
C. a certified flight instructor.
D. All the three given above
Answer:
D. All the three given above

Question 5.
Kalpana was first hired as a / an ………. at NASA.
A. astronaut
B. pilot
C. research scientist
D. glider
Answer:
C. research scientist

Question 6.
In Kalpana’s first mission in the space shuttle Columbia, among her co-astronauts, there were ……….
A. a Japanese and an American
B. a Ukranian and a Japanese.
C. a Portuguese and a Japanese.
D. a Russian and a Japanese.
Answer:
B. a Ukranian and a Japanese.

Question 7.
To become an astronaut one needs to know……….
A. biology.
B. astrophysics.
C. aeronautics.
D. All the three given above
Answer:
D. All the three given above

Question 8.
Kalpana Chawla had later become a naturalised ………. citizen.
A. U.S.
B. Indian
C. Australian
D. World
Answer:
A. U.S.

Question 9.
Kalpana Chawla was born in Karnal ……….
A. Punjab
B. Haryana
C. Jharkhand
D. Bihar
Answer:
B. Haryana

Question 10.
The Columbia disaster took place on Saturday ……….
A. 1 February, 2003
B. 22 February, 2003
C. 26 November, 2002
D. 3 October, 2004
Answer:
A. 1 February, 2003

Question 11.
Where was Kalpana’s family when she blasted off from the launch pad at Cape Canaveral, Florida
A. In their village in India.
B. At their own house in America.
C. At the Kennedy Space Center.
D. At Cape Canaveral, Florida.
Answer:
A. In their village in India.

Question 12.
Kalpana was selected by NASA for training as an astronaut in ……………
A. 1990
B. 1992
C. 1994
D. 1996
Answer:
C. 1994

Question 13.
One of the following astronauts was not there in the crew of Columbia Space Shuttle.
A. Japanese
B. Spanish
C. Ukranian
D. Both A and C
Answer:
B. Spanish

Question 14.
The crew on the Columbia performed experiments such as …
A. pollinating plants.
B. making stronger metals.
C. making faster computer chips.
D. All of these three
Answer:
D. All of these three

Question 15.
Thousands of households stayed glued to their television sets that night …
A. to watch the landing of Columbia.
B. in the hope that Kalpana and the crew had somehow survived.
C. to watch the blasting off of Columbia.
D. All of these three
Answer:
B. in the hope that Kalpana and the crew had somehow survived.

Question 16.
Besides aeronautical engineering, an astronaut is required to know…
A. biology.
B. astrophysics.
C. astrology
D. Both A’ and ‘B’
Answer:
D. Both A’ and ‘B’

Question 17.
The achievement of Kalpana was…
A. motivational.
B. surprising.
C. awe-inspiring.
D. stunning.
Answer:
C. awe-inspiring.

Question 18.
This article of Kalpana is adapted from………….
A. Span (January/February 1998)
B. her biography.
C. her autobiography.
D. an unknown source.
Answer:
A. Span (January/February 1998)

Complete the incomplete sentences :

Question 1.
Kalpana was born in…………
Answer:
Kalpana was born in Karnal, Haryana

Question 2.
Columbia broke apart in flames ……………. on…………
Answer:
Columbia broke apart in flames over Texas on Saturday, February 1, 2003.

Question 3.
When Columbia was flying at the height of ……….. at the speed of ………… it crashed.
Answer:
When Columbia was flying at a height of 200,000 feet at the speed of 20,000 km. per hour, it crashed.

Question 4.
Columbia blasted off from………….
Answer:
Columbia blasted off from the launch pad at Cape Canaveral, Florida

Question 5.
Columbia stayed in orbit for ………….
Answer:
Columbia stayed in orbit for 15 days, 16 hours and 34 minutes.

Question 6.
There were members in the …….. crew of Columbia.
Answer:
There were seven members in the crew of Columbia.

Question 7.
The crew in the Columbia conducted ………. experiments in the space.
Answer:
The crew in the Columbia conducted two experiments in the space.

Question 8.
The full form of IST is …
Answer:
The full form of IST is Indian Standard Time.

State whether the following sentences are True or False. Put ‘T’ for True and ‘F’ for False :

Question 1.
Kalpana Chawla had dual citizenship.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Kalpana graduated in U.S.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Kalpana’s father readily sent her for a master’s degree in U.S.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Kalpana was first hired as an astronaut by NASA.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Kalpana went around the earth in Columbia 252 times.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
According to a compliment from a journalist, Kalpana was a heroine.
Answer:
True

Question 7.
Kalpana had studied in a college in Haryana.
Answer:
True

Read the following passages and answer the questions given below them:

(1) Kalpana Chawla said that she never dreamed, as a child in Karnal, that she would cross the frontiers of space. It was enough that her parents allowed her to attend engineering college after she had graduated from Tagore School. After a Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautical engineering, against great opposition from her father, she went for a master’s degree, to the United States of America. She later earned her Ph.D. in aerospace engineering. Kalpana Chawla was , the first Indian American woman astronaut to blast off from the launch pad at Cape, Canaveral, Florida and participate in a successful mission in space. Her family from India cheered along with the staff at the Kennedy Space Center as they watched the Columbia lift off.

Question 1.
What did Kalpana Chawla never dream of as a child?
Answer:
As a child, Kalpana Chawla never dreamt of crossing the frontiers of space.

Question 2.
What according to Kalpana was enough for her parents to do?
Answer:
According to Kalpana, it was enough for her parents to allow her to attend engineering college.

Question 3.
Describe the degrees that Kalpana earned in the India and in U.S.
Answer:
Kalpana earned her Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautical engineering from India. She earned her Master’s degree and her Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from the U.S.

Question 4.
Who all cheered Kalpana as the Columbia took off for its space journey?
Answer:
Kalpana’s family from India and the staff at the Kennedy Space Center cheered Kalpana as the Columbia took off for its space journey.

Question 5.
What did Kalpana have to her credit?
Answer:
Kalpana Chawla was the first Indian – American woman astronaut to blast off from the launch pad at Cape Canaveral, Florida and participate in a successful mission in space.

(2) Kalpana was born in Karnal, Haryana, but was a naturalized U.S. citizen, married to flight instructor Jean-Pierre Harrison. Besides being an astronaut, she was licensed to fly single and multi-engine land airplanes, single engine sea-planes and gliders. She was also a certified flight instructor. After qualifying as a pilot, Kalpana began to consider another challenge; applying to NASA’s space shuttle program. She was first hired as a research scientist at NASA. In 1994, she was selected by NASA for training as an astronaut.

When asked what it was like being a woman in her field she replied, “I really never, ever thought, while pursuing my studies or doing anything else, that I was a woman, or a ‘person from’ a small city, or a different country. I pretty much had my dreams like anyone else and I followed them. And people who were around me, fortunately, always encouraged me and said, “If that’s what you want to do, carry on.”

Question 1.
To whom was Kalpana Chawla married?
Answer:
Kalpana Chawla was married to flight instructor Jean-Pierre Harrison.

Question 2.
What was Kalpana Chawla licensed to fly?
Answer:
Kalpana was licensed to fly single and multi-engine land airplanes, single-engine seaplanes and gliders.

Question 3.
What did NASA first hire Kalpana as ?
Answer:
NASA first hired Kalpana as a Research Scientist.

Question 4.
What did Kalpana never think of?
Answer:
Kalpana never thought while she was pursuing her studies or doing anything else that she was a woman or a person from a small city or from a different country.

Question 5.
How did people around Kalpana encourage her?
Answer:
People around Kalpana always encouraged her by saying that, “If that’s what you want to do, carry on.”

(3) Kalpana’s first space mission in the space shuttle, Columbia, was 15 days, 16 hours and 34 minutes long. During this time she went around the earth 252 times, travelling 10.45 million kilometres! The crew included a Japanese and a Ukranian astronaut. The crew performed experiments such as pollinating plants to observe food growth in space and tests for making stranger metals and faster computer chips-all for a price tag of about 56 million dollars.

Question 1.
Which space shuttle did Kalpana’s first mission take place?
Answer:
Kalpana’s first mission took place if the space shuttle ‘Columbia’.

Question 2.
Besides Kalpana who else did the crew include?
Answer:
Besides Kalpana, the crew members included a Japanese and a Ukranian astronaut.

Question 3.
What experiments did the crew perform ?
Answer:
The crew performed experiments such as pollinating plants to observe food growth in space, and tests for making stronger metals and faster computer chips.

Question 4.
What was the price tag given to the entire mission?
Answer:
The price tag given to the entire mission was of about 56 million dollars.

(4) On the Saturday night when the news about the Columbia disaster broke, there was shock and disbelief. The town of Karnal spent a sleepless night as thousands of households stayed glued to their television sets in the hope that Kalpana and the crew had some how survived. A journalist wrote : She was a heroine. It takes enormous ability to become an astronaut. You need to know a lot about everything, from biology to astrophysics to aeronautical engineering. In this age of superspecialisation, you must have encyclopaedic knowledge to be an astronaut. Her achievement is awe-inspiring.

For millions of young Indians, the story of Kalpana Chawla, a girl from a small town who touched the skies, had become an inspiration. In a message that she sent from aboard the space shuttle, Columbia, to students of her college in Chandigarh, Kalpana said, “The path from dream to success does exist. May you have the vision to find it, the courage to get onto it. Wishing you a great journey.” There will surely be many who start off on this journey to fulfill their dreams.

Question 1.
Why did the town of Karnal spend a sleepless night the day the Columbia disaster broke out?
Answer:
On the night, when the news of the Columbia disaster broke out, the town of Karnal stayed glued to their television sets in the hope that Kalpana and the crew had somehow survived. Hence, they all spent a sleepless night.

Question 2.
Why was Kalpana’s achievement ’awe-inspiring’, according to the journalist?
Answer:
According to the journalist, in today’s age of super-specialization Kalpana had detailed knowledge about everything from biology to astrophysics to aeronautical engineering. The journalist .found this achievement of hers to be ‘awe-inspiring’.

Question 3.
Why did Kalpana’s story become an inspiration for millions of young Indians?
Answer:
Kalpana’s story became an inspiration for millions of young Indians as it was the story of a small town girl who had touched the skies.

Question 4.
What did Kalpana tell the students to do in order to achieve their dreams?
Answer:
Kalpana told the students that in order to achieve their dreams they must have the vision to find it and the courage to get on with it.

(A) Identify which sport do each of these personalities represent India on the world platform.

Match the column with the right choices:

Answer:
(1-k), (2-1), (3-o), (4-h), (5-b), (6 – e), (7 – d), (8 – a), (9-n), (10-f), (11-j),(12-1), (13-g), (14 – c), (15-m).

(B) Fill in the blanks with the correct options from the bracket:

1. The planet ……… is the brightest object in the sky after the sun and the moon. (Earth, Venus, Jupiter)
2. The planet ………. is the closest to the sun. (Earth, Mars, Mercury)
3. The planet ………. is the farthest from the sun. (Mars, Earth, Neptune)
4. The ………. is the earth’s only permanent satellite. (Moon, Sun, Pole star)
5. ……….. is the only planet in the solar system known to harbour life. (Earth, Mars, Venus)
Answer:
1. Venus
2. Mercury
3. Neptune
4. Moon
5. Earth

Grammar

1. Select the appropriate words from the box and fill in the blanks in the given text:

sand, or, really, while, anything, that, ever, what, -being

When asked ………. it was like ………. a woman in her field. She replied, “I never thought pursuing my studies ……… doing ………. else ……….. I was a woman.
Answer:
When asked What it was like being a woman in her field. She replied, “I really never ever thought of pursuing my studies while doing anything else, that was a woman.

2. The following text has eight errors. Pick them out, correct them and rewrite the text:

Ones the Maharaja of Travancore ordered a huge dinner from his place for many importance people. The afternoon after the dinner, the Maharaja entered the kitchen seeing that dishes were been prepared.
Answer:
Once the Maharaja of Travancore ordered a huge dinner from his palace for many important people. That afternoon after the dinner, the Maharaja entered into the kitchen to see how dishes were being prepared.

3. Fill in the blanks in the following text with the appropriate forms of verbs given in the brackets:

…….. (kneel) at a place where the water ………….. (flow) quietly, he …………. (cup) a little in his hands and ………. (put) it to his lips.
Answer:
Kneeling at a place where the water flowed quietly, he cupped a little in his hands and put it to his lips.

4. Fill in the blanks in the following text with appropriate conjunctions:

They walked on ……….. soon saw a herd of cows, ………… just ………. they were about to come up to it, they were stopped by a terrible noise.
Answer:
They walked on and soon saw a herd of cows, but just as they were about to come up to it, they were stopped by a terrible noise.

5. Rewrite as directed :

(1) Kalpana Chawla said that she never dreamed. (Turn into Affirmative.)
(2) Besides being an astronaut, she was licensed to fly single and multi-engine land airplanes.(Use ‘Not only … but also’.)
(3) In 1994, Kalpana was selected by NASA for training as an astronaut. (Change the Voice.)
(4) It takes enormous ability to become an astronaut. (Turn into Exclamatory.)
(5) Her achievement is awe-inspiring. (Turn into Interrogative.)
Answer:
(1) Kalpana Chawla denied that she ever dreamed.
(2) Besides being an astronaut, she was licenced to fly not only single engine but also multi-engine land airplanes.
(3) In 1994, NASA selected Kalpana for training as an astronaut.
(4) What ability it takes to become an astronaut!
(5) Isn’t her achievement awe-inspiring?

6. Replace the underlined phrases in the sentences with the words similar in meaning given in the brackets:

(1) The rocket blasted off successfully and is now headed for Mars. (broke down, shot upward, launched
(2) The bomb explosion broke apart the bus. (destroyed, assembled, controlled)
(3) With all passengers on board, the crew members shut both the doors. (with proper documents, alighted, riding in the airplane)
Answer:
(1) The rocket shot upward successfully and is now headed for Mars.
(2) The bomb explosion destroyed the bus.
(3) With all passengers riding in the airplane, the crew members shut both the doors.

7. Give the opposites:

(1) Interesting
(2 ) later
(3) survived
(4 ) successful
(5) allowed
(6 ) qualified
(7) different
(8 ) fortunately
Answer:
(1) unInteresting, dull
(2 ) earlier
(3) died, destroyed
(4) falled
(5) disallowed, prohibited
(6) disqualified
(7) same, similar
(8) unfortunately

Additional Writing

Question 1.
Write an e-mail to your friend describing your participation in a sports event.
Answer:
To : ankitjadeja@yahoo.com
Subject: Participation in a sports event
Hi, Ankit,
How are you? Nothing about your goings on Very surprising Well, annual sports are going on in our ? school and I have participated in ‘Kabbadi’. You are well-aware of my craze for ‘Kabbadi’. I have been practising for not less than a month and have learnt some special tactics ? from a professional coach. I am confident that I will be able to perform very well. The final round is on Feb 8. If you can manage to come, it will be happy witnessing.
Take care. Regards
Chiranjeev Shukla

Question 2.
Write a notice on behalf of the sports secretary of your school inviting students to take part in Yoga sessions going to be held every morning before the school hours.
Answer:

NOTICE

February, 4, 2020
Yoga-Our Fitness Mantra
Hi, everyone ! Our school has started Yoga sessions before school hours. They will energise you for the whole day.’ For better concentration on studies, we need a fully charged mind and ‘Yoga’ along with ‘Prajiayam’ has this advantageous feature.
The batches start from February 12. The time set on all weekdays is 6.30. A professional coach is appointed by school for better results. Limited batches for ‘Yoga’ may disappoint you, so become an early bird and enroll yourself with our P.T. teacher, Mr. Pritesh Patel.
Regards,
Nishant Brahmabhatt

An Indian – American Woman in Space : Kalpana Chawla Summary in English

Kalpana Chawla was the first Indian -American astronaut and the first Indian woman to go Cinto space. She was born in Karnal Haryana and completed her schooling and her Bachelor’s degree In aeronautical engineering In India. She then went on to pursue her Master’s degree and her Ph.D. In aerospace engineering from the United States.

Kalpana was a naturalized U.S. citizen married to flight instructor Jean-Pierre Harrison. She was a certified flight Instructor. licensed to fly single and multi-engine land airplanes. single-engine sea-planes and gliders.

She was first hired by NASA as a Research Scientist. In 1994. she was selected by NASA for training as an astronaut. Kalpana never faced any problem on account of being a woman or a person from a small city. She was always encouraged by people around her.

Phrase and Idioms

blast off (here) shoot upward from the round naturalised (here) made somebody a luzen of the country. who was not born In hat country carry on continue stay glued to here) kept on looking at something attentively set in begin to happen awe-Inspiring worthy of admiration or respect, amazing or magnificent touched the skies (here) became greatly well-known

Glossary

unprecedented (adj.) never gone / happened : before frontier (n.) border aeronautical (adj.) relating to aircraft pollinating (adj.) conveying pollen to the stigma of a flower .