Our Revision Notes for GSEB Class 9 Social Science Notes Chapter 8 Framing of Constitution and its Features summarises the key points of a chapter and useful resource to prepare effectively for the upcoming board exams.
Framing of Constitution and its Features Class 9 GSEB Notes Social Science Chapter 8
Framing of Constitution and its Features Class 9 GSEB Notes
→ Constitution means “Any systematic collection of rules designed to govern a country’s regime is known as Constitution’
→ Constitution is the basic and most important document.
→ The laws of the country are based on the Constitution.
→ Constitution involves periodically changing requirements of the people’s aspirations, expectations, interests as well as the emotions which are high.
→ That’s the reason Constitution is known as a live and a basic document. Process of Framing the Constitution
→ On the basis of recommendation of the Cabinet Mission, the Constituent Assembly was constituted and the structure of the Constitution was decided.
→ Constituent Assembly comprised 385 members in which various members from different religion, caste, gender and people from various geographical diversification, political representatives and experts from various sectors were included.
→ Dr.Rajendra Prasad was the President of the Constituent Assembly. A drafting committee was appointed to draft the Constitution under the Chairmanship of Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar.
→ The Constitution Assembly met for 166 sessions spread over a period of 2 years, 11 months and 17 days.
→ On 26″ November 1949, the Constitution was unanimously passed in the Constituent Assembly.
→ On 26″ January 1950, Constitution of India came into existence and India was declared a ‘Republic Nation’. Thereafter every year on 26″ January we celebrate Republic Day with national fervour.
→ In the Indian Constitution, we have four lions as ‘National Emblem’ and national slogan ‘SatyamevJayate’.
→ The Constitution provides for citizen- ship, rights and duties of the people directive principles of the state policy, union-state relations, elections and emergency provisions. Thus, the Constitution of India is the most detailed and elaborated national document.
→ Preamble is the core and important part of Constitution. Indian Constitution begins with Preamble.
→ The words written in the Preamble highlights the soul of the Constitution.
→ The words inscribed in the Preamble are given below :
→ WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political;LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity ;and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and theunity and integrity of the Nation;
→ Framing of Constitution and its Features The Preamble remained unchanged till 1976. In 1976, the words ‘Socialist’, ‘Secular’, ‘Unity’ and ‘Integrity of the Nation’ were added.
→ The Preamble as a soul of the Constitution is also an important necessity.
→ When any ambiguity or obscure details in law arises, Preamble helps in understanding and interpreting the law.
→ Thus, Preamble serves as a compass to understand the provisions of Constitutional law.
→ Preamble is nation’s unity, integrity and is the standard crust of brotherhood among citizens who are having noble sentiments and ideals. Preamble is backed by high ideals and goals.
→ Pillars of the Preamble
→ The words inscribed in the Preamble are : We, the people of India SOVEREIGN, SOCIALIST, SECULAR, DEMOCRATIC, REPUBLIC, JUSTICE, LIBERTY, FRATERNITY AND EQUALITY.
Democracy:
(1) Democracy means by the people, for the people and of the people. Cabinet consists members of Parliament.
(2) Cabinet of Ministers is responsible to the Parliament.
(3) Any citizen of India who possess required Constitutional Eligibility can contest the election.
(4) Ministerial positions are not acquired hereditary.
(5) Each elected Government has 5 years of tenure. This Government works under the principles of Constitution and therefore it is known as ‘Responsible Government’.
(6) The democratic Government is based on liberty, equality and feeling of fraternity and continuously work to achieve these goals.
(7) The Constitution of Democratic India renders Fundamental Rights, Principles for Political directions, Parliament, Member of Assembly, Independent and impartial justice and election commission are those provisions which make our country democratic in every means.
(8) Adult Suffrage means the citizen above 18 years of age can cast his/her vote to one’s choice of leaders without discriminating caste, creed, religion, language, gender, education, and income or birth place.
Socialistic:
- In the year 1976 by 42â„¢ Indian Constitution Ammendment, Constitution of India added in the 42″ amendment, the word ‘Socialist’.
- Any one particular person should not have power over all assets instead everyone should have equal opportunity by getting facilities and provisions from society and thereby eliminating the discrimination of rich and poor.
- Therefore we can say that, Constitution of India is a socialistic document.
Secularism:
(1) In the year 1976 by 42™ Indian Constitution Ammendment the word ‘Secular’ was inserted. India is a secular country.
(2) India can never become one particular religious country as per the provisions of the Constituion.
(3) India does not follow any particular religion.
(4) So the country never promotes any religious activity.
(5) The country cannot involve any secular activity with religious activity.
(6) The citizen of the country has a freedom to choose his /her religion . The country can not discriminate a citizen on religious basis.
(7) ‘Sarv Dharm Samdrishti’ and ‘Sarv Dharm Sambhav’ are the principles incorporated in the Constitution.
(8) The Constitution which came into force on 26″ January, 1950 is considered as the largest, extensive and detailed written document
Given below is the basic and salient features of it:
(1) Written documet ‘
(2) Size of the Constitution
(3) Single Citizenship :
(4) The Centre with strong Federal Structure
The Constitution demarcates the powers of the Central and the State governments into different Lists of Subjects.
- Union List: Union List comprises 97 Subjects.
- State List: The State List comprises of 66 subjects.
- Concurrent List: The Concurrent List has 47 subjects.
-  Residuary Powers: The subjects which are not specifically allotted to Union or State are included in ‘Residuary Powers’.
(5) Unified Arrangement during crisis : There are three provisions for Emergencies in Constitution of India.
- National emergency
- State emergency
- Financial emergency
(6) Parliamentary System :
(7) Independent and Impartial Judiciary :
(8) Amendments in Constitution :
(9) Universal Adult Suffrage :
(10) Secularism :
(11) Judicial review:
(12) Fundamental Rights and Duties :
(13) Directive Principles of State Policy :
(14) Provision for Backward sections and Tribes :