GSEB Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 Government

Gujarat Board GSEB Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 Government Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf.

Gujarat Board Textbook Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 Government

GSEB Class 7 Social Science Government Textbook Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions in brief

Question 1.
What is the importance of the government? or Why is the government necessary?
Answer:

• No country can work without a government.
• A well established government is necessary to operate and manage a nation.

The following points explain the importance of the government:
(i) Make and execute laws and rules for all, without any discrimination or partiality.
(ii) Appoint officers, employees and police so that law can be formed and executed properly.
(iii) Make rules and arrangements and take decisions to control the nation.
(iv) Maintain peace, law and order in the country so as to take the nation on a path of progress and development.

Question 2.
What is a government? What are its functions?
Answer:

• The institution which makes law and executes it is called the government.

The functions of the government are as follows:
(i) Resolve economical and social problems.
(ii) Take care of the financial condition of the country.
(iii) Manage issues like poverty, unemployment, literacy ratio, sex ratio, health and lifestyle of citizens, etc.
(iv) Maintain friendly relation with other countries.
(v) Provide facilities and amenities to citizens like ration shops, educational institutes, hospitals, emergency aid, judiciary, transportation, post, railway, etc.
(vi) Maintain law, peace and order in the nation so as to take the nation on a path of progress and development.

• • Thus, the government functions like a managing committee.
  • It always works for the welfare of the people.

Question 3.
What will you do if the rules are not followed and injustice is done to you?
Answer:
Take the issue to the court and seek justice from the government.

Question 4.
Why is it not possible to administer from one place in India? (2 marks)
A. Need for different levels:

• India is a vast country.
• Naturally, the government has several huge responsibilities.
• It is bound to provide amenities as well as security to its citizens.
• If all the administration is done from one place by the government, there will be several problems for the government.
• It won’t be able to manage issues of one corner by sitting at other.
• Neither would the government be able to fulfil its commitment towards the citizens nor would the citizens be able to take benefit of the government.
• Hence, the government has divided its works at different levels.
• This eases the burden of the government and helps in speedy and efficient management.

GSEB Class 7 Social Science Government Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Why does the government operate from different levels? Which are these levels?
Answer:
A. Need for different levels:

• India is a vast country.
• Naturally, the government has several huge responsibilities.
• It is bound to provide amenities as well as security to its citizens.
• If all the administration is done from one place by the government, there will be several problems for the government.
• It won’t be able to manage issues of one corner by sitting at other.
• Neither would the government be able to fulfil its commitment towards the citizens nor would the citizens be able to take benefit of the government.
• Hence, the government has divided its works at different levels.
• This eases the burden of the government and helps in speedy and efficient management.

B. Different levels of government:

The government works at three different levels. They are:
A. Local level:
The government body that operates at village, town or city level is called local government.

B. State level:
The government body that rules and manages an entire state is called state government.

C. National level:
The government body that maintains law, peace and order and takes up works related to the entire nation is called National or Central government.

Question 2.
Write a note on law. OR Explain the importance of law.
Answer:

• Government frames law.
• Laws are framed according to the Constitution of the nation.
• Nobody can make amendments in the law except government.
• Similarly, the government has the power to execute law.
• Law is the tool which helps the government in its functioning and management.
• Law is important to maintain peace and order in the nation to protect the freedom of the citizens and take the nation on the path of progress.
• It is impossible to run a nation without laws.
• The government acts lawfully. It tries to see that laws are executed properly.
• However, if someone feels that the laws were not executed properly, then the citizen can raise his/her voice and take the issue to the court.
• The court gives decision after probing into the matter and investigating the case thoroughly.
• Anybody who breaches the law is punished and/or fined.

Question 3.
Explain the organs of the government.
Answer:

• The government has to perform various activities.
• It is difficult for one body to perform all the activities.
• Hence, the government has divided itself into three organs.
• Each organ carries out a specific task.

The chief organs of the government are as follows:
1. Legislative: The organ of the government that frames acts or laws is called legislative.
2. Executive: The organ of the government that executes the laws formed by the legislative is called executive.
3. Judiciary: The organ of the government that imparts justice and punishes offenders who breach the law is called judiciary.

Question 4.
Explain the structure of the state government.
Answer:

• India is a vast country.
• The Constitution of India has divided this nation into various states in order to carry out the administration smoothly.
• Thus, our nation is made up of union of different states.
• The government at the central level administers entire India.
• However, it can not do this alone.
• Hence, there is a separate government body at state level which helps the Central government in administration.
• Thus, the government body that rules and manages an entire state is called state government.
• The state government has authority over certain matters. However, it always works according to the guidelines set by the Central government.

The following chart shows the structure of the state government:

• Just like the Central government, the state government is also divided into three organs.

A. Legislative:
The legislative consists of the Legislative Assembly as well as Legislative Council. The Legislative Coifncil is known as the Upper House while the Legislative Assembly is known as Lower House. However, it is not necessary that each state may have the Legislative Council. Most of the states, like Gujarat, have only one house i.e. the Legislative Assembly or the Lower House.

B. Executive:
The Executive organ includes the Chief Minister and Council of Ministers who assist him.

C. Judiciary:

• The Judiciary consists of one Supreme Court, High Courts at state level and all the other courts like the District courts at district level and Taluka courts at Taluka level.
• All these organs report to the Governor of the state (or the president of India).

Question 5.
Draw a chart showing the structure of the state government.
Answer:

• India is a vast country.
• The Constitution of India has divided this nation into various states in order to carry out the administration smoothly.
• Thus, our nation is made up of union of different states.
• The government at the central level administers entire India.
• However, it can not do this alone.
• Hence, there is a separate government body at state level which helps the Central government in administration.
• Thus, the government body that rules and manages an entire state is called state government.
• The state government has authority over certain matters. However, it always works according to the guidelines set by the Central government.

The following chart shows the structure of the state government:

• Just like the Central government, the state government is also divided into three organs.

A. Legislative:
The legislative consists of the Legislative Assembly as well as Legislative Council. The Legislative Coifncil is known as the Upper House while the Legislative Assembly is known as Lower House. However, it is not necessary that each state may have the Legislative Council. Most of the states, like Gujarat, have only one house i.e. the Legislative Assembly or the Lower House.

B. Executive:
The Executive organ includes the Chief Minister and Council of Ministers who assist him.

C. Judiciary:

• The Judiciary consists of one Supreme Court, High Courts at state level and all the other courts like the District courts at district level and Taluka courts at Taluka level.
• All these organs report to the Governor of the state (or the president of India).

Question 6.
Who is a Governor?
Answer:

• The Governor is to a state what the President is to a nation.
• S/he is the first citizen of the state.
• S/he is the Constitutional head of the executive body of the government.
• S/he works as the representative of the President of the nation.
• The administration of the entire state runs on his/her name.

Question 7.
Write a note on government and the law.
Answer:

• Government frames law.
• Laws are framed according to the Constitution of the nation.
• Nobody can make amendments in the law except government.
• Similarly, the government has the power to execute law.
• Law is the tool which helps the government in its functioning and management.
• Law is important to maintain peace and order in the nation to protect the freedom of the citizens and take the nation on the path of progress.
• It is impossible to run a nation without laws.
• The government acts lawfully. It tries to see that laws are executed properly.
• However, if someone feels that the laws were not executed properly, then the citizen can raise his/her voice and take the issue to the court.
• The court gives decision after probing into the matter and investigating the case thoroughly.
• Anybody who breaches the law is punished and/or fined.

Answer in One or Two Sentence

Note : Here, answers are given in short for memorizing easily. Students must write full sentences.

Question 1.
Define: Government
Answer:
The institution which makes law and executes it is……

Question 2.
How do we come to know about the work of the government?
Answer:
Through media such as newspaper, radio, T.V., internet, etc.

Question 3.
Which facilities does the government provide?
Answer:
Ration shops, educational institutions, hospitals, emergency aid, judiciary, transportation, postal services, railways, etc.

Question 4.
Which issues does the government face?
Answer:
Poverty, unemployment, literacy ratio, sex ratio, health, etc.

Question 5.
Which problems does the government resolve?
Answer:
Economical and social.

Question 6.
How does the government get its laws executed?
Answer:
Through its officers, employees and police.

Question 7.
What does the government maintain in a nation?
Answer:
Law, peace and order.

Question 8.
Define: Local government.
Answer:
The government body that operates at village, town or city level.

Question 9.
Define: State government.
Answer:
The government body that rules and manages an entire state.

Question 10.
Define: National government.
Answer:
The government body that maintains law, peace and order and takes up works related to the entire nation.

Question 11.
Why is law necessary?
Answer:
For proper functioning of the government.

Question 12.
What is the importance of law?
Answer:
To maintain peace and order in the nation, protect the freedom of the citizens and take the nation on the path of progress.

Question 13.
What can a citizen do in case he feels that the laws were not executed properly?
Answer:
Raise voice against the breaching of laws and take the issue to the court.

Question 14.
Define: Legislative.
Answer:
The organ of the government that frames acts or laws.

Question 15.
Define: Executive.
Answer:
The organ of the government that executes the laws formed by the Legislative.

Question 16.
Define: Judiciary.
Answer:
The organ of the government that imparts justice and punishes offenders who breach the law.

Question 17.
Who is the head of the state government?
Answer:
Governor

Question 18.
At state level, what is included in Legislative?
Answer:
Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council.

Question 19.
Who are included in the Executive body at state level?
Answer:
Chief Minister and his Council of Ministers.

Question 20.
Into which different parts is the Judiciary at state level divided?
Answer:
High Court, District courts and Taluka courts.

Question 21.
Why has India been divided into states?
Answer:
For smoother administration of the vast nation.

Question 22.
Why can India be called a federal state?
Answer:
Because the government works at two levels; state and central.

Question 23.
Which is the supreme government in India? What are its different names?
Answer:
National government i.e. Central government or Union government.

Question 24.
What does the first reading of the bill include?
Answer:
Discussion of principles of bill.

Question 25.
Why is the bill read second time before it becomes a law?
Answer:
To discuss its minutest details and consider it on serious grounds.

Question 26.
What is done in the third reading of the bill?
Answer:
Act wise discussion.

Question 27.
What is the chief task of the Governor?
Answer:
Administer the entire state.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
The government works at ……………….. different levels.
(A) Two
(B) Three
(C) Four
(D) Five
Answer:
(B) Three

Question 2.
Who frames laws?
(A) Citizens
(B) Government
(C) President
(D) All of these
Answer:
(B) Government

Question 3.
There are ……………. organs of the government.
(A) Two
(B) Three
(C) Four
(D) Several
Answer:
(B) Three

Question 4.
Which organ of government frames laws?
(A) Legislative
(B) Executive
(C) Judiciary
(D) Council
Answer:
(A) Legislative

Question 5.
The Executive organ of the government ………………. .
(A) Frames laws
(B) Implements laws
(C) Punishes offenders
(D) Provides justice
Answer:
(B) Implements laws

Question 6.
The government of India operates at two levels, state and central. That means India is a …………….. state.
(A) Republic
(B) Democratic
(C) Federal
(D) Secular
Answer:
(C) Federal

Question 7.
The government which operates at the national level is called ……………… government.
(A) National
(B) Central
(C) Union
(D) All of these
Answer:
(D) All of these

Question 8.
The Lower House of the state is called the ……………… .
(A) Legislative Assembly
(B) Legislative Sabha
(C) Legislative Council
(D) All of these
Answer:
(A) Legislative Assembly

Question 9.
Gujarat has ………………. .
(A) Legislative Assembly
(B) Legislative Council
(C) Both of these
(D) None of these
Answer:
(A) Legislative Assembly

Question 10.
Most of the states do not have …………….. .
(A) Legislative Assembly
(B) Legislative Council
(C) Both of these
(D) None of these
Answer:
(B) Legislative Council

Question 11.
The Legislative Council is known as the ……………… House.
(A) Upper
(B) Lower
(C) Middle
(D) Bottom
Answer:
(A) Upper

Question 12.
A bill is read ……………… times before it becomes a law.
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 7
Answer:
(B) 3

Question 13.
A person should be of atleast ………………… years of age to become a member of the Legislative Assembly.
(A) 18
(B) 21
(C) 25
(D) 35
Answer:
(C) 25

Question 14.
Legislative Assembly should not have less than …………………. members.
(A) 10
(B) 40
(C) 60
(D) 100
Answer:
(C) 60

Question 15.
The number of members of the Legislative Assembly should not exceed …………………. .
(A) 800
(B) 700
(C) 600
(D) 500
Answer:
(D) 500

Question 16.
Who is the first citizen of the state?
(A) Chief Minister
(B) Mayor
(C) Governor
(D) Council of Ministers
Answer:
(C) Governor

Question 17.
Governor is the Constitutional head of the ………………….. body.
(A) Legislative
(B) Executive
(C) Judiciary
(D) All of these
Answer:
(B) Executive

Question 18.
The Governor is the representative of the ………………. .
(A) Chief Minister
(B) Prime Minister
(C) President
(D) Union of states
Answer:
(C) President

Question 19.
The administration of the entire state runs in the name of the ……………… .
(A) Chief Minister
(B) Council of Minister
(C) Governor
(D) President
Answer:
(C) Governor

Question 20.
The principles of the bill are discussed in the reading.
(A) 1^st
(B) 2^nd
(C) 3^rd
(D) 4^th
Answer:
(A) 1^st

Fill in the Blanks

1. Every country forms laws according to its ……………….. .
Answer:
Constitution

2. The economical and social problems of the public are resolved by the ………………. .
Answer:
Government

3. Government is a group of people who together form the ……………….. .
Answer:
Managing committee

4. The government body that manages a village or city is called ………………… .
Answer:
Local government

5. The most important tool for the proper functioning of the government is …………………… .
Answer:
Law

6. ……………………. resolves the case of the citizens who complain about execution of law.
Answer:
Courts

7. A law can also be called a/an ………………….. .
Answer:
Act

8. The organ of the government which works for justice is called ………………… .
Answer:
Judiciary

9. The Legislative at state level consists of ……………….. houses.
Answer:
One or two

10. Government works for ……………… .
Answer:
Public welfare

True or False

1. The government decentralizations its function for better efficiency and smooth administration.
Answer:
True

2. Only the President of India has the authority to make amendments in the laws.
Answer:
False

3. Laws give freedom to citizens.
Answer:
True

4. The executive body of the government enforces laws on people and punishes the offenders.
Answer:
False

5. The judiciary works independently.
Answer:
True

6. Governor is the first citizen of a state.
Answer:
True

Self-Study Activity

Tick at which level the government takes decision regarding the following matters:

Answer:
1 – State
2 – State
3 – Local
4 – National
5 – National
6 – Local
7 – National

Match the Following

A	B
1. Gram Panchayat	(a) Appoint teachers in primary school
2. Taluka Panchayat	(b) Provide street lights in village
3. District Panchayat	(c) Start new trains between two cities
4. State government	(d) Construct roads between two villages
5. Central government	(e) Contribute to the local self-government institute

Answer:
1 – b, 2 – d, 3 – a, 4 – e, 5 – c