GSEB Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 5 Revolutionaries of India

Gujarat Board GSEB Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 5 Revolutionaries of India Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf.

Gujarat Board Textbook Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 5 Revolutionaries of India

GSEB Class 8 Social Science Revolutionaries of India Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What was the vow taken by Vasudev Fadke?
Answer:
He took a vow of not applying ‘tilak’ on his forehead and not cutting his hair until he had freed India from the clutches of the British.

Question 2.
Why was Khudiram Bose hanged?
Answer:
On 30th April 1908, Khudiram Bose and Praful Chaki threw a bomb on Judge Kingsford’s horse carriage in an attempt to kill him. However, the judge survived the attack but his wife and Lawyer Kennedy’s daughter died in the attack. Khudiram Bose was arrested and hanged for this crime.

Question 3.
Which book was written by Vir Sawarkar?
Answer:
Vir Sawarkar wrote a book titled ‘1857: India’s First Freedom Struggle’.

Question 4.
How did Chandra Shekhar come to be known as ‘Azad?
Answer:
He was arrested and presented before the court for participating in Gandhiji’s non-cooperative movement. In court, when he was asked his name, he gave it as Azad’. He said his father’s name was Azad’ (Freedom) and his residence was ‘Prison’. From then on he became popular as ‘Azad’.

Question 5.
Who threw a bomb in the legislative assembly?
Answer:
Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly at Delhi on 8th April 1928 because their main objective was to draw the attention of the British government. Though they could have escaped, they stood there and shouted slogans and surrendered
themselves peacefully.

Question 6.
What activities were carried out by Shyamji Krushna Verma?
Answer:
The activities carried out by Shyamji Krushna Verma are as follows :

• Shyamji Krushna Verma played a vital role in establishing the ‘Indian Home Rule Society’ on 18th February 1905 in London. The office of this society was in his house which was named ‘India House’.
• To propagate this society he started a daily named ‘Indian Sociologist’.
• Shyamji Krushna was associated with leaders like Vinayak Sawarkar, Lala Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana, and Madam Cama in carrying out revolutionary activities.
• He arranged scholarships to help Indians living in England.

2. Identify me.

Question 1.
I used to topple the boats carrying salt.
Answer:
Khudiram Bose

Question 2.
I established an institution – ‘Mitramela’.
Answer:
Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar

Question 3.
I prevented the attack on ‘Arya Samaj’ temple.
Answer:
Ashfaq Ullah Khan

Question 4.
It’s my vow that ‘I will never be caught alive”.
Answer:
Chandra Shekhar Azad

Question 5.
I established ‘Indian Home Rule Society’.
Answer:
Shyamji Krushna Verma

3. Write a short note on the following.
Question 1.
Vir Sawarkar
Answer:
Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar (Vir Sawarkar) was born on 28th May 1883, in Bhagur village of Nasik district in Maharashtra. He had revolutionary ideas since childhood. He established an organisation known as ‘MitraMela’ which was later known as ‘Abhinav Bharat’. The main objective of this organisation was to free India from the British rule with the help of armed revolt.

Vir Sawarkar was the first one to set fire to foreign clothes. He wrote a book titled ‘1857: India’s First Freedom Struggle’. It was banned even before it was published. He was arrested in 1910 for his association with the revolutionary group ‘India House’. Sawarkar was sentenced to two life terms (50 years) and was sent to the Cellular Jail on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. This was also known as ‘Kalapani’. Later, due to poor health, he was kept under house arrest in Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra. Sawarkar died on 26th February 1966.

Question 2.
Vir Bhagat Singh
Answer:
Bhagat Singh was born on 28th September 1907 in Banga village of Lyallpur district in Punjab. He studied European revolutionary movements and Marxist ideologies. He quickly became one of the main leaders of the Hindustan Republican Association. While studying at Lahore National College he came in contact with Sukhdev, Bhagwat Charan and Yashpal. Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly at Delhi on 8th April 1928.

Their main objective was to draw the attention of the British government. Though they could have escaped, they stood there and shouted slogans and surrendered themselves peacefully. The three revolutionaries and fast friends, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru killed British officer Saunders to avenge the death of Leila Lajpat Rai. The trio was hanged on the same day (23rd March 1931).

Question 3.
Chandra Shekhar Azad
Answer:
Chandra Shekhar Azad’s real name was Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari. He was born on 23rd July, 1906 in Bhavra village of Alirapur district in Madhya Pradesh. He was arrested and presented before the court for participating in Gandhiji’s non-cooperative movement. In court, when he was asked his name, he gave it as ‘Azad’. He said his father’s name was ‘Azad’ (Freedom) and his residence was ‘Prison’. From then on he became popular as ‘Azad’.

Chandra Shekhar participated in the train robbery at Kakori Station. Though 40 revolutionaries were arrested Azad managed to escape. Chandra Shekhar had taken a vow not to be caught alive by the British government. On 27th February, 1931, as Azad sat in Alfred Park at Allahabad, he was suddenly surrounded by British police. He fought the police team single-handedly. Finally, when he did not get a chance to flee from the park, he shot himself with his own pistol and became a martyr. It is said that the police were so scared of Azad that they shot 2-3 bullets into his body to confirm his death before they stepped close to him.

Question 4.
Shyamji Krushna Verma
Answer:
Shyamji Krushna Verma was born on 4th October 1857 in Mandvi village of Kutch district in Gujarat. He was the pioneer of revolutionary activities abroad. He played a vital role in establishing the ‘Indian Home Rule Society’ on 18th February 1905 in London. The office of this society was in his house which was named ‘India House’. To propagate this society he started a daily named ‘Indian Sociologist’. Shyamji Krushna was associated with leaders like Vinayak Sawarkar, Lala Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana and Madam Cama in carrying out revolutionary activities. He arranged scholarships to help Indians living in England. In 1909, Madanlal Dhingra shot dead William Wylie near Trafalgar Square in London.

He was hanged for this crime. However, Shyamji Krushna Verma felt unsafe in London due to this and shifted to Paris. He then shifted to Switzerland. He died in 1930 C.E.

Activities:

1. Visit a memorial of any revolutionary. Gather more information about him/her.
2. Collect pictures of Indian revolutionaries and make an album.
3. Organise a play or a monologue based on ‘India’s Revolutionary Leaders during India’s Freedom Struggle’ on the occasion of Independence Day or Republic Day.
4. With the help of contributions from the elders of your village/town, get paintings of revolutionary leaders done at public places and write some information about them under each.
5. Organise a film show to watch ‘The Legend of Bhagat Singh’.
6. Gather information about anyone revolutionary activity of the current times and write a short note on it.
7. Make a list of the women who actively participated in the Indian Freedom Movement.

GSEB Class 8 Social Science Revolutionaries of India Intext Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What would have been your contribution if you were there during the Freedom Struggle?
Answer:
Had I been present during the Freedom Struggle of my country, my contribution would have been in the following things :

• I would have distributed newsletters carrying the messages of revolutionary leaders to each house.
• I would have participated in burning English cloth and goods.
• I would have acquired training for using pistols and other weapons.
• I would have boycotted all programmes announced by the British government.
• I would have taken a vow saying, “I will not eat any sweetmeats until the country attains freedom.”

Question 2.
What would have been his contribution to India’s freedom struggle if Bhagat Singh had lived longer?
Answer:
Had Bhagat Singh not been hanged till death, he would surely have declared a countrywide armed revolt against the British which would have resulted in the British leaving India immediately. Due to this, India would have gained freedom in the first decade of the 20th century itself.

GSEB Class 8 Social Science Revolutionaries of India Additional Important Questions and Answers

Choose the correct alternative from those given below each question:
Question 1.
Who started revolutionary movements In India?
A. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
B. Chandra Shekhar Azad
C. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
D. Shyamji Krushna Verma
Answer:
C. Vasudev Balwant Fadke

Question 2.
For whose capture had the British government declared a prize of INR 4000/-.
A. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
B. Madanlal Dhingra
C. Chandra Shekhar Azad
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer:
A. Vasudev Balwant Fadke

Question 3.
Who was the first to burn foreign clothes?
A. Ramprasad Bismil
B. Chandra Shekhar Azad
C. Khudiram Bose
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer:
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar

Question 4.
Who wrote the book named ‘1857: India’s First Freedom Struggle’?
A. Khudiram Bose
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
C. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
D. Chandra Shekhar Azad
Answer:
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar

Question 5.
Who used to upset boats carrying salt?
A. Ramprasad Bismil
B. Khudiram Bose
C. Ashfaq Ullah Khan
D. Chandra Shekhar Azad
Answer:
B. Khudiram Bose

Question 6.
Who played an important role in making the Kakori Train Loot a success?
A. Ramprasad Bismil
B. Madanlal Dhingra
C. Shyamji Krushna Verma
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer:
A. Ramprasad Bismil

Question 7.
Whose patriotic poems inspired patriotic fervour among Indians?
A. Ashfaq UUah Khan’s
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar’s
C. Ramprasad Bismil’s
D. Khudiram Bose’s
Answer:
C. Ramprasad Bismil’s

Question 8.
Who set an example of Hindu-Muslim unity?
A. Nawab Salimullah
B. Ashfaq Ullah Khan
C. Bahadur Shah Zafar
D. Ashfaq Aga Khan
Answer:
B. Ashfaq Ullah Khan

Question 9.
Which of the following revolutionaries was an expert in horse riding and shooting?
A. Khudiram Bose
B. Chandra Shekhar Azad
C. Bhagat Singh
D. Ashfaq Ullah Khan
Answer:
D. Ashfaq Ullah Khan

Question 10.
Which revolutionary had taken a vow not to be caught alive by the British government?
A. Bhagat Singh
B. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
C. Chandra Shekhar Azad
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer:
C. Chandra Shekhar Azad

Question 11.
Who established an organisation named ‘Mitra- Mela’?
A. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
B. Chandra Shekhar Azad
C. Ramprasad Bismil
D. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
Answer:
A. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar

Question 12.
Who prevented the attack on the Arya Samaj Temple?
A. Ramprasad Blsmil
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
C. Madanlal Dhingra
D. Ashfaq Ullah Khan
Answer:
D. Ashfaq Ullah Khan

Question 13.
Who from the following threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly?
A. Sukhdev
B. Bhagat Singh
C. Rajguru
D. Sardar Singh Rana
Answer:
B. Bhagat Singh

Question 14.
To avenge the death of which national leader did Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru assassinate English officer Saunders?
A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak’s
B. Gopal Krushna Gokhale’s
C. Lala Lajpat Rai’s
D. Surendranath Bannerjee’s
Answer:
C. Lala Lajpat Rai’s

Question 15.
Who was the pioneer of revolutionary activities for India abroad?
A. Lala Hardayal
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
C. Madanlal Dhingra
D. Shyamji Krushna Verma
Answer:
D. Shyamji Krushna Verma

Question 16.
Who established the Indian Home Rule Society in London?
A. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
B. Madanlal Dhingra
C. Madam Cama
D. Shyamji Krushna Verma
Answer:
D. Shyamji Krushna Verma

Question 17.
Which revolutionary assassinated William Wylie in broad daylight?
A. Chandra Shekhar Azad
B. Madanlal Dhingra
C. Bhagat Singh
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer:
B. Madanlal Dhingra

Question 18.
Who from the following revolutionaries died in Switzerland?
A. Shyamji Krushna Verma
B. Bhagat Singh
C. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer:
A. Shyamji Krushna Verma

Question 19.
Who started a scholarship for Indian students in England?
A. Madanlal Dhingra
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
C. Shyamji Krushna Verma
D. Lala Hardayal
Answer:
C. Shyamji Krushna Verma

Question 20.
Who unfurled the Indian Tricolour in Stuttgart, Germany?
A. Sardar Singh Rana
B. Madam Cama
C. Shyamji Krushna Verma
D. Lala Hardayal
Answer:
B. Madam Cama

Fill in the blanks with proper words in the following statements:

Question 1.
…………………………….. was the pioneer of revolutionary activities in India as well as the first martyr of India’s freedom struggle.
Answer:
Vasudev Balwant Fadke

Question 2.
…………………………. left his job because he was fed up of the injustice done by the British.
Answer:
Vasudev Balwant Fadke

Question 3.
The British government declared a prize of INR 4000/- for the capture of …………………… .
Answer:
Vasudev Balwant Fadke

Question 4.
Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar (Vir Sawarkar) was born at …………………… village of Nasik district in
Maharashtra.
Answer:
Bhagur

Question 5.
Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar established an organisation named’…………………..’ which later came
to be known as ‘……………………’.
Answer:
MitraMela, Abhinav Bharat.

Question 6.
……………………… was the first to set fire to foreign clothes.
Answer:
Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar

Question 7.
…………………………. wrote the history of the first freedom struggle of 1857.
Answer:
Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar

Question 8.
Khudiram Bose was born at ……………………. village of Medinipur district in Bengal.
Answer:
Habibpur

Question 9.
Ramprasad Bismil and Ashfaq Ullah Khan were native to …………………… in Uttar Pradesh.
Answer:
Shahjahanpur

Question 10.
………………….. set an example of Hindu-Muslim unity.
Answer:
Ashfaq Ullah Khan

Question 11.
Chandra Shekhar Azad’s original name was ……………………… .
Answer:
Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari

Question 12.
Chandra Shekhar Azad was born at the ……………………. village of Alirapur district in Madhya Pradesh of those days.
Answer:
Bhavra

Question 13.
Bhagat Singh was born in ……………………. village of Lyalpur district in Punjab.
Answer:
Banga

Question 14.
On 8th April 1928, ………………… and ……………………. threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly at Delhi.
Answer:
Bhagat Singh, Batukeshwar Dutt

Question 15.
……………………… was the first one to start revolutionary movements abroad.
Answer:
Shyamji Krushna Verma

Question 16.
Shyamji Krushna Verma was born in …………………………… city of Kutch district in Gujarat.
Answer:
Mandvi

Question 17.
Shyamji Krushna Verma established the ‘ ……………… ’ in London on 18th February 1905.
Answer:
Indian Home Rule Society

Question 18.
The office of the ‘Indian Home Rule Society’ was in a building named ‘ ………………..’
Answer:
India House

Question 19.
Shyamji Krushna Verma started a daily named ‘………………….. ’ to propagate the ‘Home Rule Society’ in
India.
Answer:
Indian Sociologist

State whether the following statements are true or false:

Question 1.
Vasudev Balwant Fadke had revolutionary ideas right from childhood.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
Khudiram Bose wrote a book titled ‘1857: India’s First Freedom Struggle’.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
A teacher named Satyen Babu had inspired Khudiram Bose to be a revolutionary.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Ashfaq Ullah Khan’s patriotic poems fuelled the flame of nationalism.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Chandra Shekhar Azad was a childhood friend of Ramprasad Bismil.
Answer:
False

Question 6.
Chandra Shekhar Azad became a martyr at Alfred Park in Allahabad.
Answer:
True.

Question 7.
Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly at Delhi and ran away.
Answer:
False

Question 8.
Shyamji Krushna Verma started a scholarship for Indian students in New York.
Answer:
False

Answer the following questions in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
Where did Vasudev Fadke work? Why did he leave the job?
Answer:
He worked in Pune but he left his job because the unjust and practical approach of the British Government irritated him very much.

Question 2.
Which secret group had Vasudev Fadke formed?
Answer:
Vasudev Fadke formed a secret group of armed revolutionaries called ‘Ramoshi’ to fight against the British.

Question 3.
Which revolutionary activities did Vasudev Fadke carry out?
Answer:
He trained young men to attack British camps and rob the government treasury and use guns and other weapons. The British Government was desperate to arrest him at any cost.

Question 4.
When and where was Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar bom ?
Answer:
Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar (Vir Sawarkar) was born on 28th May 1883 at Bhagur village of Nasik district in Maharashtra.

Question 5.
Why did the British government send Vir Sawarkar to the Andaman jail?
OR
Give reason: The British government sent Vir Sawarkar to the Andaman jail.
Answer:
He was arrested in 1910 for his association with the revolutionary group ‘India House’. Sawarkar was sentenced to two life terms (50 years) and was sent to the Cellular Jail on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. This was also known as ‘Kalapani’.

Question 6.
When and where was Khudiram Bose born?
Answer:
Khudiram Bose was born on 3rd December 1889 in Habibpur village of Midnapur district in Bengal.

Question 7.
Who taught Khudiram Bose to walk on the path of revolution?
Answer:
He was raised by a teacher named Satyen Babu who inspired him to walk on the path of revolutionary.

Question 8.
How would Khudiram Bose break the unjust salt law?
Answer:
Khudiram Bose used to dive in the Ganga River and topple boats carrying salt. In this way he used to break the unjust salt laws.

Question 9.
When and where was Ramprasad Bismil born?
Answer:
Ramprasad Bismil was born in 1897 C.E. at Shahjahanpur in Uttar Pradesh.

Question 10.
Which revolutionary set an example of Hindu- Muslim unity?
Answer:
A revolutionary named Ashfaq Ullah Khan set an example of Hindu-Muslim unity.

Question 11.
What was Chandra Shekhar’s original name?
Answer:
Chandra Shekhar Azad’s real name was Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari.

Question 12.
When and where was Chandra Shekhar born?
Answer:
Chandra Shekhar was born on 23rd July 1906 in Bhavra village of Alirapur district in Madhya Pradesh.

Question 13.
What vow had Chandra Shekhar Azad taken?
Answer:
Chandra Shekhar had taken a vow not to be caught alive by the British government.

Question 14.
How did Chandra Shekhar Azad become a martyr?
Answer:
On 27th February 1931, as Azad sat in Alfred Park at Allahabad, he was suddenly surrounded by British police. He fought the police team singlehandedly. Finally, when he did not get a chance to flee from the park, he shot himself with his own pistol and became a martyr.

Question 15.
When and where was Vir Bhagat Singh bora?
Answer:
Vir Bhagat Singh was born on 28th September 1907 in Banga village of Lyallpur district in Punjab.

Question 16.
How did Vir Bhagat Singh’s revolutionary thoughts get support?
Answer:
While studying at Lahore National College he came in contact with Sukhdev, Bhagwat Charan and Yashpal. When he met these people who held revolutionary views, Bhagat Singh’s own revolutionary thoughts got a lot of support.

Question 17.
Which three revolutionaries and fast friends were hanged on the same day?
Answer:
These three revolutionaries and fast friends which were hanged on the same day (23rd March 1931) are: Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru.

Question 18.
Who was the pioneer of revolutionary activities for India abroad?
Answer:
Shyamji Krushna Verma who was born in Mandvi village of Kutch district in Gujarat was the pioneer of revolutionary activities for India abroad.

Question 19.
Which revolutionaries helped Shyamji Krushna Verma to carry out revolutionary activities?
Answer:
Shyamji Krushna got the help from leaders like Vinayak Sawarkar, Lala Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana and Madam Cama to carry out revolutionary activities.

Question 20.
Why was Madanlal Dhingra hanged ?
OR
Give reason: Madanlal Dhingra was hanged.
Answer:
In 1909, Madanlal Dhingra shot dead William Wylie near Trafalgar Square in London. He was hanged for this crime.

Question 21.
When and where was Madam Cama born?
Answer:
Madam Cama was born on 24th September 1861, in Mumbai.

Question 22.
Who unfurled the Indian Tricolour at a conference at Stuttgart in Germany? When?
Answer:
In 1907, Madam Cama was present at the 2nd International Socialist Conference held at Stuttgart in Germany where she unfurled the Indian Tricolour with the slogan ‘Vande Mataram’.

Write a short note on the following: OR Give a brief introduction of:
Question 1.
Vasudev Balwant Fadke :
Answer:
Vasudev Balwant Fadke was the pioneer of revolutionary movements in India. He worked in Pune but he left his job because the unjust and partial approach of the British Government irritated him very much. He took a vow of not applying ‘tilak’ on his forehead and not cutting his hair until he had freed India from the clutches of the British. Vasudev Fadke formed a secret group of armed revolutionaries called ‘Ramoshi’ to fight against the British. He trained young men to attack British camps and rob the government treasury and use guns and other weapons. The British Government was desperate to arrest him at any cost.

Question 2.
Khudiram Bose :
Answer:
Khudiram Bose was born on 3rd December, 1889 in Habibpur village of Midnapur district in Bengal. He was raised by a teacher named Satyen Babu who inspired him to be a revolutionary. He used to dive in the Ganga River and topple boats carrying salt. In this way he used to break the unjust salt laws. On 30th April, 1908, Khudiram Bose and Praful Chaki threw a bomb on Judge Kingsford’s horse carriage in an attempt to kill him. However, the judge survived the attack but his wife and Lawyer Kennedy’s daughter died in the attack. Khudiram Bose was arrested and hanged for this crime. Praful Chaki shot himself before the British could arrest him.

Question 3.
Ramprasad Bismil:
Answer:
Ramprasad Bismil was born in Shahjahanpur in the United Province (Uttar Pradesh) in 1897 C.E. He was the kingpin in the Kakori Train Conspiracy in which the revolutionaries hatched a plan to rob a train carrying treasure. He was sentenced to death for this crime. ‘Bismil’ was his penname. He translated English and Bengali books. His poems inspired patriotic fervour among Indians.

Question 4.
Ashfaq Ullah Khan :
Answer:
Ashfaq Ullah Khan and Ramprasad Bismil set an example of Hindu-Muslim unity. Ashfaq Ullah Khan was an expert horse rider and shooting. He prevented an attack on the Arya Samaj Temple in Shahjahahpur. He was involved in the Manipuri train Conspiracy as well as the Kakori Train Conspiracy. He too was hanged in prison on the same day as his bosom friend Ramprasad Bismil.

Question 5.
Madam Cama:
Answer:
Madam Cama was born on 24th September 1861, in Mumbai. She lived in London from 1902 to 1907. She was an associate of Shyamji Krushna Verma in 1905 in establishing the ‘Indian Home Rule Society. In 1907, Madam Cama was present at the 2nd International Socialist Conference held at Stuttgart in Germany where she unfurled the Indian Tricolour with the slogan ‘Vande Mataram’.

Match the pairs correctly:

Section ‘A’ (Birthdates)	Section ‘B’ (Revolutionaries)
(1) 4th October 1857	(a) Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
(2) 24th September 1861	(b) Chandra Shekhar Azad
(3) 28th May 1883	(c) Vir Bhagat Singh
(4) 3rd December 1889	(d) Vasudev Balwant Fadke
(5) 23rd July 1906	(e) Shyamji Krushna Verma
(6) 28th September 1907	(f) Khudiram Bose
	(g) Madam Cama

Answer:
(1-e),
(2-g),
(3-a),
(4-f),
(5-b),
(6-c).