GSEB Solutions Class 9 Social Science Chapter 9 Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy

Gujarat Board GSEB Textbook Solutions Class 9 Social Science Chapter 9 Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy Textbook Questions and Answers, Additional Important Questions, Notes Pdf.

Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy Class 9 GSEB Solutions Social Science Chapter 9

Gujarat Board Class 9 Social Science Rise of Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Answer the following questions given below:

Question 1.
Write in brief about Fundamental Rights being incorporated in the Constitution.
Answer:
Those rights, which are necessary for every human being in order to achieve an around development are known as Fundamental Rights. There are six Fundamental Rights which have been incorporated in the Constitution:

1. Right to Equality:

1. The rights that consider every citizen ‘Equal before Law’ and provide ‘Equal protection of Law’ are called Rights to Equality.
2. This right ensures that citizens will not be discriminated on the basis of their caste, sex, race, grounds of religion, place of birth, etc. and will be treated equally.
3. However, there are certain provisions for women, scheduled castes, etc. so as to bring these segments of society inequality to the rest of the society.
4. To safeguard equality, the Constitution of India prohibits the State from granting any titles. Also citizens of India are not allowed to accept any titles from a foreign state.

Go through these Social Science Chapter 9 Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy GSEB Class 9 Notes to score well in your exam.

2. Right to Freedom:
This Right to Freedom gives every individual the freedom:

1. of Speech and expression.
2. to assemble peacefully without arms.
3. to form associations of unions.
4. to move freely within the territory of India.
5. to live and settle in any part of India.
6. to practice any profession, business or occupation.

We live in a society and so we need to maintain its social structure. Hence, although these six freedoms are given to citizens they enjoy them with certain restrictions and limitations.

3. Rights against Exploitation:

1. This right safeguards women and children and others against exploitation of various forms.
2. This right ensure protection against any exploitation like forced labour, low wages compared to standard wages, working in unhygienic and unsafe environment, child labour, etc.
3. Under Right to Exploitation, one cannot be biased for carrying out state welfare works, military services, social services, etc. on the ground of their religion, caste, gender or creed.

4. Right to Freedom of Religion:

1. India does not have any national religion. Also it does not follow the ideals or principles of any particular religion.
2. The right to freedom against religion says that every person is equally permitted to enjoy the freedom his conscience permits and has the right to acknowledge, practice and spread his religion.
3. There are certain restrictions put on this right to maintain public law and order,
   morality and peace in the country.
4. People are free to conduct and run religious affairs. This included the freedom to establish and maintain charitable institutions to manage religious affairs and acquire and manage movable and immovable property for religious proposes without going against the law.

5. Cultural and Educational Rights:

1. These rights allow a person whether belonging to minority or majority to maintain its culture and obtain education about his culture and religion.
2. Under Cultural and Education Rights, any citizen can get admission in educational institution or a granted institution without getting discriminated on the ground of religion, caste, creed or language.
3. The Indian Constitution also states that religious and language minority groups will have the right to administer and start their own educational institution.
4. It also states that no minority, other than the ones suggested in the Article will have the right to establish any institution.

6. Right to Constitutional Remedies:

1. Right to Constitutional Remedies is a special feature of our Constitution.
2. This right provides an opportunity to the citizens to approach court in case of violation of their Fundamental Right.
3. Dr. Ambedkar considered this right as the ‘Soul of the Constitution’.
4. In case any Fundamental Right of a person is violated, he can make use of right i.e., Right to Constitutional Remedies and seek justice from the court of law.
5. If the court finds that any Fundamental Right of a person is violated, it can issue a ‘writ’ i.e., a legal notice to the one who is depriving the person of this right.

Question 2.
Describe the importance of Directive Principles of State Policy.
Answer:

1. The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) serve as guidelines for the states and union as how they can administer the state in a rightful manner.
2. These principles reflect the kind of nation and society we wish to establish.
3. They talk about how the ideals presented in the Preamble can be implemented.
4. They incorporate rights that are required for the overall development of mankind.
5. They aim at attaining political, social and economic democracy.
6. To fulfil this aim the Directive Principles are bifurcated into various sections.

Question 3.
Explain the importance of Fundamental Rights.
Answer:
Importance of Fundamental Rights:

1. Fundamental Rights allow human beings to live a dignified life.
2. These rights are stated in our Constitution and so they enjoy a legal status.
3. A democratic country allows its citizens to enjoy equal rights.
4. These rights give citizens freedom to express themselves.
5. Citizens enjoy these rights without any discrimination.
6. The Government and the Constitution protect these rights and see that people enjoy them.
7. These rights provide quality to citizens and protect them from several forms of exploitation.
8. They also provide certain types of freedom to the citizens. Freedom of speech and expression, freedom to move throughout India, settle in any part of country, follow any religion, etc. are all freedom that a person enjoys under Fundamental Rights.
9. These rights also allow one to continue and expand one’s culture.
10. Every citizen gets a right to obtain education, work in a clean, hygienic and safe environment, enter public places like parks, theaters, etc.
11. If a citizen does not get these rights then as per Right to Constitutional Remedies he can also go to the court to seek justice.
12. Thus, Fundamental Rights are extremely important for growth, development and prosperity of a nation and its citizens.

Question 4.
What is reasonable control and limitation?
Answer:

1. Our Constitution has given six different freedoms to all Indians. Indians are free to enjoy these rights.
2. On the other hand the fact is that we live in a society and so we need to maintain its social structure.
3. Hence, although these six freedoms are given to citizens they enjoy them with certain restrictions or say reasonable control and limitations.
4. The Constitution has imposed certain restrictions on these freedoms. These restrictions are laid to achieve specific special purpose.
5. Certain strict rules and prohibitions have been put on matters related to maintaining public order, national unity, integrity, contempt of court, defamation, public decency and morality, inciting someone for violence, etc.
6. A person has freedom of speech and expression but the State has the authority to prohibit use of such spoken or written words that promote disharmony, feeling of enmity, hatred or ill-will between people or in the society.

Question 5.
Write about Preventive Detention.
Answer:
Prevention Detention:

1. It is a preventive action taken to prevent possible commitment of crime.
2. If government feels something suspicious about someone who may cause some serious harm to the society, then it may arrest him under prevention detention for some time.
3. The arrested person is not punished but detained to stop him from committing crime.
4. Under prevention detention, it is not necessary to present the arrested person before the magistrate.
5. It can be extended only for 3 months. After that the case is brought before an advisory board for review.
6. The detention order can be cancelled based on the opinion of the Judge of the Supreme Court or Members of Advisory Board. The state can decide the term of detention.

Question 6.
Mention Fundamental Duties as mentioned in the Constitution.
Answer:
Following Fundamental Duties have been listed in our Constitution:

1. To abide by an respect the Constitution, the National Flag, and the National Anthem.
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideas of our national freedom struggle.
3. To uphold and protect sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
4. To defend the country and render national services as and when required.
5. To promote common brotherhood of all people in India and renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of the nation’s composite culture.
7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures.
8. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
9. To develop the scientific temples, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
10. To strive towards excellence is all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.
11. To provide opportunities for education to child, ward between the age of six to fourteen years.

Question 7.
Mention the rights under Minority Provision.
Answer:
Cultural and Educational Rights:

1. These Rights are measures to protect the rights of cultural, linguistic and religious minorities, by enabling them to conserve their heritage and protecting them against discrimination.
2. Under Cultural and Educational Rights, any citizen can get admission in educational institution or granted institution without getting discriminated on the basis of religion, caste, creed or language.
3. The Indian Constitution states that religious and language minority groups will have the right to administer and start their own educational institutions.
4. It states that no minority, other than the ones suggested in the Article will have the right to establish any institution.
5. It also prohibits discrimination against any citizen for admission into any educational institution maintained or aided by the state, on the grounds only of religion, race, caste, language or any of them.
6. This right is subject to the power of the state to impose reasonable regulations regarding educational standards, conditions of service of employees, fee structure, and the utilization of any aid granted by it.
7. Any section of citizens having a distinct language, script culture of its own, the right to conserve and develop the same, and thus safeguards the rights of minorities by preventing the state from imposing external cultural on them.

2. Write short notes on:

Question 1.
1. Right to Equality
2. Right to Constitutional Remedies
3. Right to Freedom
4. Right against Exploitation
5. Directive Principle for Economic Policies
6. Directive Principles for Political and International Relations.
Answer:
1. Right to Equality:

1. The rights that consider every citizen ‘Equal before Law’ and provide ‘Equal protection of Law’ are called Rights to Equality.
2. The Rights to Equality serves as foundation of all other rights and privileges granted to Indian citizens.
3. This right is considered the chief guarantee of the Constitution of India to provide rights to its citizens. Thus, it is necessary that every citizen of India has easy access to the courts to exercise his/her right to Equality.
4. Moreover, to apply these rights equally, the Constitution of India has abolished the practice of untouchability. Practice of untouchability is declared a crime and anyone doing so, is punishable by law.

2. Right to Constitutional Remedies:

1. Right to Constitutional Remedies is a special feature of our Constitution.
2. This right provides an opportunity to the citizens to go to the court in case of violation of their Fundamental Right.
3. Dr. Ambedkar considered this right as the ‘Soul of the Constitution’.
4. To protect the rights provided by the Constitution to the citizens.
5. In case a person is deprived or denied any of the Fundamental Rights, he can make use of this right i.e, Right to Constitutional Remedies and seek justice from the court of law.
6. If the court finds that a person is deprived or denied a Fundamental Right, it can issue
   a ‘writ’ i.e., a legal notice to the one who is depriving the person of his right.
7. Under this right, it becomes the duty of the judiciary to attends all complaints pertaining to the Fundamental Rights and take sufficient care to see that citizens get proper justice and their.
8. Fundamental Rights are protected.
9. Therefore, the to Constitutional Remedies is not only a special feature of Fundamental Rights, but also very special feature offered to the citizens of the country.
10. One can use this right even against Centre and State.
11. This right is available all the time except at the time of emergencies. No law can stop citizens from using this right.

3. Right to Freedom:
The Right to Freedom is a bunch of six freedoms. They are:

1. The freedom of speech and expression.
2. The freedom to assemble peacefully and without arms.
3. The freedom to form associations or unions.
4. The freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.
5. The freedom to live and settle in any part of India.
6. The freedom to practice any profession, business or occupation.
   • This right aims at providing overall development to a person. This right is very crucial for democracy.
   • As per this right, the person should enjoy his rights democratically and he should be able to live a healthy and civic life.
   • The Indian Constitution permits freedom of speech and expression to every Indian citizen.
   • It also permits media and press to express their views and thoughts, however his freedom is mentioned in a different clause.
   • The Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 provides free and compulsory primary education for the children between 6 to 14 years.

4. Right against Exploitation:

1. The Right against Exploitation is one of the most important fundamental rights given by the Indian Constitution.
2. This right protects the citizens in various forms.
3. It aim at protecting citizens from being forced to environmental, domestic and work hazards.
4. This right safeguards women and children and other against exploitation of various forms.
5. Under this right, human trafficking forced labour, forcing into begging, slave trade and prostitution are considered punishable offense and hence should be eradicated from the society.
6. Similarly, making children below the age of 14 years work beyond their capacity and employing them in factories, mines or other hazardous places is also considered exploitation.
7. To save children below 14 years of age from exploitation, the Constitution has made specific provision of not allowing them to be employed for any hazardous work.
8. If the employer fails to follow this provision, it becomes a criminal offence under Abolition of Child Labour.
9. Under Right to Exploitation, one cannot discriminate selecting people for carrying out state welfare works, military services, social services, etc. on the basis of their religion, caste, gender or creed.
10. Based on the situation, the government may pay allowances or may take these services on honorary basis form the citizens.

5. Directive Principles for Economic Policies:

1. Equal distribution of wealth and resources among all classes for the welfare of the citizens should be done.
2. The State should observe that assets and production of resources do not get distributed only to certain groups or sections of the society.
3. Equal pay for equal work for both men and women should be given.
4. Provision should be made for good health. At times, due to financial burden, men, women and even young children take up works at highly unhygienic places. This should not be allowed.
5. State should promote co-operation in administration of industrial units by laborers.
6. Directive Principles should be developed by State for providing protection to children and youth against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment for making them to live in a healthy and dignified environment.
7. Relief and leave at the time of pregnancy should be provided to women. Worker’s insurance bonus, maternity leave, gratuity, and other legal rights should be included in the policy.
8. Policies should be made to organize agricultural and animal husbandry on modem and scientific lines.

6. Directive Principles for Political and International Relations:

1. The state should establish Panchayati Raj. It should appoint suitable officers who work and provide financial aid to establish this system.
2. The state should separate its services from corporate mindedness. It should have a liberal mindset so that appointed judges can be impartial, fearless and courageous in rendering judgments.
3. The state should make attempts to maintain international peace, security, to establish fair relation between nations and to increase respect of international law.

3. Give reasons to the following statements:

Question 1.
One can go to the court of law to seek protection against violation of Fundamental Right.
Answer:

1. The Constitution has provided various Fundamental Rights to Indians.
2. These rights are utmost importance for overall development of the citizens.
3. No one can stop them from enjoying these rights.
4. To safeguard the citizens against exploitation and to make sure they are not deprived of these rights, the Constitution has given provisions to the citizens to go to the court in case of the violation of their Fundamental Rights.

Question 2.
Right to Constitutional remedies is like the ‘Constitutional Soul’.
Answer:

1. Right to Constitution Remedies is not just a special right, also a very special feature of the Constitution.
2. This right empowers a citizen to go to the court in case he is deprived of any of his Fundamental Rights.
3. The court ensures full protection to the citizens by listening to their complaints and taking proper action.
4. Since a citizen can fight for any right that he is deprived of through the Right to Constitutional Remedies. Hence, this right is known as the ‘Soul of the Constitution’.

Question 3.
Freedom cannot be unlimited or absolute.
Answer:

1. Our Constitution has given six different freedoms to all Indians. Everyone is free to enjoy these freedoms.
2. On the other hand the fact is that we live in a society and so we need to maintain its social structure.
3. Hence, although these six freedoms are given to citizens they enjoy them with certain restrictions or say reasonable control and limitation.
4. One cannot be given unlimited or absolute freedom under the various rights.
5. Putting control will ensure safety, security and well-being of the nation as well as various classes and religious groups present in the nation.
6. By providing unlimited or absolute freedom these would occur threat of maintenance of public order, national unity, integrity, contempt of court, defamation, public decency and morality, violence, etc. in the nation.
7. Hence, freedom cannot be unlimited or absolute.

Question 4.
Directive Principles of Political Policies are the pre-conditions for the utilization of Fundamental Rights.
Answer:

1. Establishment of proper political policies help a nation to administer its affairs efficiently. Efficient political policies demands developing efficient social as well as economic policies.
2. To develop social and economic policy for the prosperity of nation the citizens must be given certain important Fundamental Rights.
3. By providing these rights to the citizens the country can expect a high morale, better productivity and loyalty from them.
4. It will help to convert the vision of a prosperous nation seen through political policies.
5. Hence, Directive Principles of Political Policies are the pre-conditions for the utilization of Fundamental Rights.

Question 5.
A formation of society without exploitation is the important aim of the Constitution.
Answer:

1. India has been in the clutches of various social evils like untouchability, forced, labour, low wages, exploitation of the poor downtrodden, dowry, etc.
2. To observe equal states and freedom for all in the country, several rights are provided to them by the Constitution.
3. Every human being is bom free and has right to live his life freely without getting exploited from other, society or the state.
4. Hence, the Constitution through its various rights and freedoms tries to make attempt that a country can have a society free from exploitation.

Question 6.
Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights are not against each other instead they complete each other.
Answer:

1. The Directive Principles provide guidance to the state to march towards establishing equal, just and social order without any exploitation.
2. The Directive Principles provides a vision of future society.
3. They show us our direction and also our destination.
4. They guide the state to uplift the society and protect it.
5. Fundamental rights limit the state leadership while Directive Principles extend state leadership.
6. Fundamental Rights make possible the existence of democracy, while Directive Principles guide towards establishing inter-relations of democracy.
7. Thus, Directive Principle and Fundamental rights are not against each other instead they complete each other.

Question 7.
Duties and Rights are the sides of the same coin.
Answer:

1. Rights and duties are inter-connected and complementary to each other.
2. Rights allow a citizen to enjoy the freedom he gets under the constitution. On the other hand, duties expect that he should fulfill his responsibility towards the nation.
3. For example, someone has the right to move freely in the park. At the same time, it becomes his duty not to damage the park.
4. There cannot be rights without duties because the right of one person becomes the duty of the other person.
5. Therefore, when we enjoy our rights it becomes our duty to. facilitate the enjoyment of their rights by the other people.
6. Thus, rights and duties are the two sides of the same coin.

Question 8.
Child labour is a punishable offence.
Answer:

1. Under the Constitution, the State has got the right to make special arrangements for children.
2. Under this right, forcing children to work and forcing them into begging are considered punishable offence.
3. Similarly, making children below the age of 14 years work beyond their capacity and employing them in factories, mines, or other hazardous places is also considered exploitation.
4. To save children below 14 years of age from exploitation, the Constitution has made specific provisions of not allowing them to be employed for any hazardous work.
5. If the employer fails to follow this provision, it becomes a criminal offence under Abolition of Child Labour.

Question 9.
For the implementation of Directive Principles, one cannot resort to Court of Law.
Answer:

1. The Directive Principles provide guidelines to the state for creating a better society.
2. These are just guidelines and not rules. So the state is not bound to follow these principles.
3. With change in time and trends, the state may have to ignore the Directive Principles.
4. Hence, citizens cannot go to the court of law if any Directive Principle is not implemented by the state.

Question 10.
Directive Principle are the foundation for the rule of a regime.
Answer:

1. To rule a regime i. e., to run a government, Directive Principles help to establish political democracy in our Constitution.
2. However, political democracy cannot be achieved alone without social and economic democracy.
3. Hence, Directive Principles aim to establish a social system based on social, economic and political justice.
4. These principles reflect the kind of nation and society we wish to establish.
5. These principles incorporate rights that are required for the overall development of mankind.
6. Hence, looking at the aim of Directive Principles one can say that they serve as the foundation for the rule of regime.

Question 11.
Preservation of Cultural and Historical heritage is the Fundamental Duty of everyone.
Answer:

1. The Constitution has provisions for preserving cultural and historical heritage of a country or people.
2. State has been provided with certain powers and guidelines to make sure that this heritage is maintained.
3. However, culture and history arise due to people. So, people form an integral part of it.
4. State alone cannot preserve do culture and history if the people not provide equal support.
5. Our existence is not possible without cultural and historical heritage.
6. Hence, it is the Fundamental Duty of every citizen to preserve cultural and national heritage.

Gujarat Board Class 9 Social Science Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What are our Fundamental Rights?
Answer:
Our Fundamental Rights:

1. Right to Equality
2. Right of Freedom
3. Right against Exploitation
4. Right to Freedom of Religion
5. Cultural and Educational Rights
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies

Question 2.
There cannot be religious discrimination in educational institutions run by the government.
Answer:

1. Rights to freedom of religion provides religious freedom to all the citizens of India.
2. Any citizen can get admission in any educational institution run by the government without getting discriminated on the basis of religion, caste, creed or language.
3. None of the religion is ignored or given preference before the state.
4. Thus, there is no religious discrimination in educational institutions run by the government.

Question 3.
When does offense against exploitation becomes punishable?
Answer:

1. As per the Constitution, work cannot be taken free from any person without paying or paying less than minimum wages or by means of forced or imposed labour.
2. Any child under the age of 14 cannot be made to work in factory, mine or any dangerous profession.
3. This is called child labour. Under the prohibition of Child Labour Act all these are punishable offenses.

II. Give Reasons.

Question 1.
Prohibition is not the breaking of democracy.
Answer:

1. The direction Principles guide a state to take measures for maintaining proper health of the society.
2. Liquor is an intoxicating drink which causes harm to the person who consumes it.
3. The drunk get ruined economically and socially too.
4. Thus, the consumption of liquor becomes dangerous for the one who consumes as well as for the family and society.
5. If government puts ban on liquor consumption, it is not depriving any citizen of this basic right but in fact helping the citizens maintain good health.

Question 2.
One must not pelt stones on S.T. buses.
Answer:

1. As per the Fundamental Duty of citizens of India, citizens should try to protect and preserve the public property.
2. S.T. bus is a part of public property, which provides the facility of transportation to the public.
3. Pelting stones on S.T. buses is harm to the public property and hence, one must not do so.

Question 3.
Milch animals like cow should not be slaughtered.
Answer:

1. As per Directive Principle and Fundamental Duty of a citizen, citizens should show compassion to all animals.
2. India is an agricultural country and cows is considered an economically important and holy animal of India.
3. Thus, we should not slaughter milch animals like cows.

Question 4.
Fundamental Human Rights are true identity of democratic system of government.
Answer:

1. India is a democratic country.
2. Each citizen of the country is given some Fundamental Rights by the Constitution.
3. Citizen enjoys these rights without any discrimination of caste, creed, sex, birthplace, income or education.
4. Each education system protects this Fundamental Rights of citizens.
5. Thus, Fundamental Rights are true identity of democratic system of the government.

Question 5.
Reserved seats can be kept for weaker and backward sections of the society.
Answer:

1. As per Fundamental Rights of the Constitution, all citizens enjoy this rights without any discrimination.
2. All citizens have right to equality.
3. All citizens are equal in the court of law. So, equal protection can be obtained of all laws.
4. Such discrimination cannot be kept in government jobs or entry in higher education.
5. Due to many inequality in India, big groups have to suffer loss.
6. So, each group of government has made special arrangements as an exception.
7. Therefore, Reserved seats are kept for weaker and backward section of the society.

Question 6.
Constitution, National Flag and National Anthem cannot be disrespected.
Answer:

1. Various Fundamental Duties were incorporated by Constitution Amendment in 1976.
2. Among the Fundamental Duties of each citizen is to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Anthem and the National Flag.
3. Thus, the National flag and the National anthem cannot be disregarded, and violation of this is a punishable offence.

Question 7.
One must join the military forces if country requires.
Answer:

1. As per Fundamental Duties corporated in the Constitution in 1976, every citizen of India should contribute towards the protection of Nation’s unity, integrity and sovereignty.
2. People who violets this duties are punishable by law.
3. To protect the national unity and integrity if the country requires a common citizen must join the military forces.